It is known that metallurgy influences almost all sectors of industry, including energy, aeronautics, automotive, space, chemical, machinery, scientific equipment, construction, packaging, electrical, computing and health. Without metals and alloys, the modern world would be inconceivable and could not function successfully. The importance of lightweighting in the transport sector, as an effective way of cutting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, cannot be overstated. As an example of weight-saving potential, a 100 kg weight reduction for a long-haul aeroplane saves about 20,000 gigajoules of energy and 1,900,000 kg of CO2 emissions over its 30-year lifetime. Similarly, a 100 kg weight reduction for an average car saves about 25 gigajoules and 1600 kg of CO2 over its 10-year lifetime